The New Valley Governorate or El wadi El Gedid is one of the governorates in Egypt that covers about 376 km² in the Western Desert. It is bordered with Giza and Matrouh governorates from the east, El Minia Governorate from the north, and Qena and Aswan from the east and the Libyan borders from the west. Its name dates back to the 1960s, when agricultural projects were accomplished to expand the country's cultivated area, with the aim to create a valley that parallels with the Nile Valley. In spite of its wide size it is one of the least densely populated regions in Egypt. Its main economic resources are mainly driven from agriculture, tourism, and palm dates manufacture.

The new Valley Governorate is blesses quite dry weather and thermal sulfuric water springs that make it one of the best centers for therapeutic tourism that provide remedy for rheumatic and digestive ailments. It is one of the popular tourist attractions because it can be easily reached by air through Cairo International Airport and the New Valley Airport in El Kharga Oasis. Within the New valley limits exists a number of oases such as El Dakhla, El Kharga and Farafra in addition to other quarries and archeological sites. Sharq El Uwaynat and El Farafra are regarded as the most important new industrial zones in that area. The major part of the lands of El Wadi El Gedid or the New Valley lands can be cultivated or be one of the major industrial centers in the country. The governorate is also rich in mineral wealth and includes a large number of quarries for iron, limestone, sand, and phosphate and many other materials. People in that area depend mainly on underwater for their everyday life, agriculture and industry.

The government exerts a lot of effort for providing the area with all essential needs of sanitation, electricity supply, roads, and water supply to encourage more projects to be conducted in that area to decrease the overpopulation in Cairo.