Discoveries were made at 'Abydos' where archeologists found many objects in the tombs bearing the names of the First Dynasty's Kings . This led to the belief that the tombs of the First Dynasty's Kings were located at this place in Ancient Egypt . Such a belief remained until 1921 . Later on , names of some early kings were found inscribed on Tarkhan , near the south of Kafr Amar , and on
Saqqara
. Since 1930 , the Egyptian Exploration Society has started making some discoveries in the northern district of Saqqara . At the beginining , some tombs were found there , and afterwards , discoveries unearthed some tombs that go back to the First Dynasty . Inside these tombs , inscriptions of the names of the First Dynasty's Kings starting from Aha , (except the tombs of
Djet
, Qa-aa and Semerkhet) were discovered . Some tombs belonging to high officials – such as Hemaka (a high official during the reign of the
Horus
Den) – were also discovered .
Some problems , however , emerged from these discoveries . On one hand , nothing was found at
Abydos
to prove that the First Dynasty's Kings were buried in those tombs there .
On the other hand , the cemetery found at Saqqara was larger and greater than the cemetery found at Abydos . This enigma posed a question regarding the exact position of the kings' tombs , especially if we knew that the cemetery of Saqqara were constructed for the kings and not for their viziers who settled in the new capital of Memphis . Most archaeologists considered the cemetery of Saqqara as the real cemetery for those kings , and regarded the cemetery of Abydos as cenotaphs , a kind of tombs erected only to commemorate them in the capital necropolis .
Later on , two royal cemeteries were found: one of which contained tomb dating back to King Djet Reign , while the other was found containing other tomb dating back to King Qa-aa Reign . Both tombs were found larger than the tombs at Abydos . Discoveries made in 1955 brought to light many monuments and objects belonging to the First Dynasty , providing us with the bare bones of this period's history and civilization . However , no evidence sustains that the First Dynasty's Kings were buried in Saqqara , that is , there is no decisive evidence to prove that the Saqqara Cemeteries actually contained tombs of the Kings . These two dynasties formed a single entity lasting from 3150 to 2700 B . C ,
a period of almost 500 years during which the Egyptian Civilization developed its special traits .
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