Among other big issues , Ahmad Ibn Tulun had to face the revolutions of the Alides , who where angry with the Abbassids , who retained the caliphate for themselves .
The first revolution was led by Bagha El-Asghar . Bagha El-Asghar stayed in an area between Barqa (Libya) and Alexandria . Then , he went with his followers to Upper
Egypt
, but Ibn Tulun sent an army to him and succeeded in defeating him and cutting his head , sending it to Al-Fustat .
The second revolution was led by Ibrahim Ibn Mohamed (known as Ibn El-Sofi) who stayed in Upper Egypt , where he stole many places . Then , Ibn Tulun sent an army that eventually failed to achieve victory on El-Sofi . Then , Ibn Tulun sent another strong army , which succeeded in killing most of the followers of Ibn El-Sofi , who escaped to the Oasis , then to Aswan , then to the
Red Sea
and , finally , to Mecca , where its governor arrested him and sent him to Ibn Tulun . El-Sofi was put in prison , but later , Ibn Tulun set him free .
The third revolution was led by Ahmed Ibn Isa Ibn el-Sheikh , son of the
governor of Palestine and Jordan . After the death of his father , he invaded Damascus and refused to pay the yearly Kharaj tax to the Caliph , instead , he took up the money for himself . Then , he found the troubles happening in Baghdad a great chance to invade Bilad el-Sham (Syria) and Egypt , but the Abbasid Caliph , El-Mutawakel , ordered him to be the ruler of Armanya and to leave Bilad el-Sham . Simultaneously , the Caliph sent to Ibn Tulun to go to Syria to fight Ibn el-Sheikh and promised him to be the ruler of Bilad el-Sham , if he could succeed in defeating the latter . However , the Caliph was afraid of the increasing authority of Ibn Tulun in Bilad El-Sham . So , he ordered Ibn Tulun to return back to Egypt and to appoint another leader to the army to defeat Ibn el-Sheikh .
Furthermore , there were other revolutions against Ibn Tulun , such as the revolution of Abdel-Rahman el-Amery in Upper Egypt who was killed by his followers and the revolution of the people of Barqa in 875 , but Ibn Tulun sent an army to them and succeeded in defeating them after long battles .
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