El Gebelein is a village and an archeological site on the west of the Nile, about 25 km south of Luxor. Ancient Egyptian texts refer to it as 'Pr-Hwt-Hr' ('House of Hathor'), then it became known in Greek as 'Pathyris' or 'Aphroditopolis'. The Arabic name 'El-Gebelein' refers to the existence of two hills in the site and this area is currently known as Nagaa El Gherira. The eastern hill includes the remains of the Temple of Hathor, the beginnings of which date back to the Middle Kingdom and the beginning of the Second Intermediate Period.
The temple existed throughout the Pharaonic times and until the Roman Period. Inside it were discovered a big number of Demotic and Greek documents that throw light on some aspects of the daily life in Egypt during the Ptolemaic Period.
The western hill...
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