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Material : Papyrus
Height : 35
Found in : Bab Al-gasus , Deir Al-bahari (1891)
Dynasty: XXI
Belonged_to: Nesperennebu
Archeologist : G . Daressy
Remarkable changes occurred at the outset of the Third Intermediate Period and the southern part of the country was ruled by the high priests of Amun and the period was frequently referred to as a theocracy . For the first 15 years of Siamun's rule , Pinudjem I ruled at Thebes as the High Priest of Amun and was still the Military commander of his King's armies , as such his name appears as far south as the island of Sehel .
When archeologists found the mummy of Pinudjem I in 1881 , it was partly unwrapped in a cache of mummies of the greatest pharaohs of the New Kingdom at Deir al-Bahari (in front of Karnak) . These mummies had been hidden in the rock-cut Tomb of Queen Inhapy to be kept away from tomb robbers . The Book of the Dead of Pinudjem I was discovered between his legs and was inscribed with cartouches bearing the priest's name . The Book of the Dead is a set of funerary texts and magical spells that guide the deceased in his journey with the solar barque traveling through the realms of the dead . In this journey , the all-conquering spirit of the deceased would then emerge triumphant with the morning sun .
Divided into five sections , the spells of the Book of the Dead of Pinudjem I were written in vertical rows of Hieroglyphics in the black and red colors . The text show scenes of the burial; the deceased's journey beyond the tomb; the journey made with the solar barque into the sky; the description of the life in the Hereafter; the fields of laru; as well as a scene of Anubis and Horus weighing the deceased's heart and Thoth recording the result . [Egyptians believed that he whose heart is heavier than the feather of Maat (goddess of justice) , he/she shall enjoy a peaceful life afterwards in the realm of Osiris . If the opposite shall happen , the deceased shall be devoured by the monster Ammut . Also depicted on the papyrus are scenes showing the priest worshiping Osiris in his shrine as well as a number of depictions of Egyptian deities such as Maat , Maati , and Thoth (an ibis- headed god identified with knowledge , writing , and wisdom) .
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