El Gebelein is a village and an archeological site on the west of the Nile , about 25 km south of Luxor . Ancient Egyptian texts refer to it as 'Pr-Hwt-Hr' ('House of Hathor') , then it became known in Greek as 'Pathyris' or 'Aphroditopolis' . The Arabic name 'El-Gebelein' refers to the existence of two hills in the site and this area is currently known as Nagaa El Gherira . The eastern hill includes the remains of the Temple of Hathor , the beginnings of which date back to the
Middle Kingdom
and the beginning of the Second Intermediate Period .
The temple existed throughout the Pharaonic times and until the Roman Period . Inside it were discovered a big number of Demotic and Greek documents that throw light on some aspects of the daily life in
Egypt
during the Ptolemaic Period .
The western hill , on the other hand , contains the remains of some tombs dating back to the
Predynastic
Period and others to the
First Intermediate Period
(such as the tomb of Iti) .
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